Contrails har urovekkende innflytelse på miljøet - EASA med rapport for European Commission - EASA

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Updated analysis of the non-CO2 effects of aviation

24/11/2020

The European Commission requested that the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) conduct an updated analysis of the non-CO2 effects of aviation on climate change to fulfil the requirement of the EU Emissions Trading System Directive (Art. 30.4).

The study builds on the latest scientific knowledge and presents a fresh analysis of the main climate impacts associated with air traffic, beyond carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. CO2 emissions from aviation have been addressed under the EU Emission Trading System since 2012, but non-CO2 impacts have not been specifically addressed by EU policies so far. However, the report acknowledges that a number of measures already in place also contribute to reducing the climate impacts of non-CO2 aviation emissions.

The work was conducted by a project team assembled by EASA, comprising the most renowned experts in the field from the EU, Norway and UK. The study reflects the views of its scientific authors and does not constitute an official opinion of the Commission. A short Staff Working Document from the Commission services accompanies the study.

The significance of combined non-CO2 climate impacts from aviation activities, previously estimated to be at least as important as those of CO2 alone, is fully confirmed by the report.

The report calls for further reflection on how to best address non-CO2 climate impacts, which could inform the possible development of future policies on the full impact of aviation on the climate. Doing so would contribute to the EU's climate objectives and the Paris Agreement, alongside existing actions to reduce CO2 emissions. Such measures would also result in improvements to local air quality.

The report examines additional policy options to address the non-CO2 climate impacts of aviation. These are divided into three categories: financial/market-related, fuel and air traffic management (ATM).

Unlike CO2 impacts, which directly correlate to the amount of fuel burned, the complexity of measuring non-CO2 climate impacts - and the uncertainty regarding trade-offs between the various impacts - makes targeted policy development in this area more challenging.