fredag 2. august 2013

UAV - Eksempler på miniatyrisering


Phoenix Aerial Systems Announces Worlds Smallest Commercial Unmanned Aerial LiDAR Platform

Phoenix Aerial Systems announced that they have successfully developed and demonstrated the world’s smallest and lightest UAV LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) platform available.
Weighing less than 10kg, the new LiDAR platform called the “Phoenix AL-2” combines the latest UAV, LiDAR and GNSS technology into a cost effective, accurate and safe micro-mapping solution.
At the core of the Phoenix AL-2 is the Velodyne HDL-32E sensor, which features up to 32 lasers aligned over a 40º Vertical Field of View, and generates 700,000 distance points per second. The HDL-32E rotates 360º up to 20 times per second and provides measurement and intensity information over a range of 1meter to 100 meters, with a typical accuracy of better than +/- 2 cm. The Phoenix AL-2 delivers a real-time, high definition 3D point cloud for speedy mapping of difficult to reach areas without the expense of hiring a commercial plane.
The Phoenix AL-2 is expected to be commercially available by Q4 2013.

Aeromapper Creates Hi-Res Maps and Lands by Parachute

The Aeromapper X5 is a low cost UAS for mapping and surveying applications. It flies autonomusly after hand-launch and uses a parachute landing system – other UAS with similar characteristics crash-land, which reduces life span and put property and people on ground at risk.One can create astonishing high resolution maps with its 24 Megapixel camera for resolutions up to 2 cm/pixel (Sony NEX 7 24 megapixel camera, with 16mm pancake lens). It runs on an Ardupilot Mega 2.6, is Spektrum DX8 radio control tuned and is powered by four 2200 mAh batteries. The aircraft can cover up to 2.5 s.km in 25-30 minutes of flight and it takes pictures automatically.
Based on the X5 foam flying wing for FPV, Aeromao has transformed it into a little working horse adding internal carbon fiber reinforcements so that it can take a lot of abuse!  Includes long range control system (20 km range) and 2-way telemetry for flight information in real time and in-flight commands.
Mission Planner software (by 3D Robotics, free download) is included to create missions and real time info display with telemetry link
- See more at: http://www.uasvision.com/2013/08/02/aeromapper-creates-hi-res-maps-and-lands-by-parachute/?utm_source=Newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=2a82ce43d5-RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN&utm_term=0_799756aeb7-2a82ce43d5-297533037#sthash.ZhJMTZDP.dpuf

UAV - Europeiske land opptrer hver for seg i utviklingen


Merk deg mange nye forkortelser i innlegget til Blyenburgh. Han har forøvrig holdt foredrag for Flyoperativt Forum.


UK CAA Awards Resource Group UAS Qualified Entity Status


Resource UAS, part of Resource Group, has been accredited by the UK CAA as a Qualified Entity for small unmanned aircraft (SUA). In this capacity, Resource UAS will make recommendations to the CAA for the issue of aerial work permissions to operate SUA within the UK.
Craig Lippett, UAS Training Programme Manager said: “We’re delighted to announce our recent CAA accreditation. We have worked closely with them to develop a new industry initiative in assessing pilot competency for the operation of SUA and as a result, we have launched our Remote Pilot Qualification programme (RPQ). It has been specifically designed to reduce the risks inherent in operating Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) to As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP)”.
The initial component of the RPQ is the Remote Pilot Qualification-small (RPQ-s) for remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) of 20kg or less. The RPQ-s is now accepted by the CAA as evidence of Remote Pilot competency and provides students with the airmanship skills, knowledge, procedures and processes for operating any type of SUA. This is delivered by Resource UAS at its specialist training academies in Cwmbran, South Wales and Cotswold Airport, Gloucestershire.  Resource UAS will also offer a competency and currency assessment service for Remote Pilots in order to maintain their vital air safety standards.
Adrian Leatherland, Director ATS for Resource Group stated: “In today’s increasingly demanding commercial and military environment, the RPQ provides the UK CAA with an independent certification of pilot competency, which forms an integral part of the assessment for Permission for Aerial Work. In addition, the competency and currency service completes the package for continued air safety once operating.”
All courses within the RPQ programme are developed to meet ISO9001:2008 and Defence Systems Approach to Training (DSAT) compliancy. All course instruction is delivered by qualified, specialist RPAS instructors with extensive experience of both military and commercial operations.
Resource UAS is the second accredited Qualified Entity for small RPAS (MTOM < 20 kg) in UK (and Europe).

torsdag 1. august 2013

Thunderbirds i lufta igjen

Foto: Per Gram - Williams AFB 1967

Air Force demo team flying again, but no shows set

It's 9 a.m. on a recent Tuesday, and there's a buzz outside the Thunderbird hangar at Nellis Air Force Base that hasn't been heard in months.
The F-16 Fighting Falcon jets glisten in the sun, as Thunderbird pilots Maj. Blaine Jones and Lt. Col. Greg Moseley speed-walk along a line of maintenance crew members more than 30 people long, grinning as they salute and backhand slap each crew member's hand _ the customary Shake-and-Bake before every flight.
It's a good day to fly. Jones and Moseley go through cockpit checks methodically, like a runner preparing before a race.
"Let's pull some G's," Jones says.
"I know the feeling," Staff Sgt. Alexander Reed replies.
The engines fire to life. It's been a long time since Jones heard and felt the jet's furnace-like roar underneath his all-American red, white and blue helmet.
It's the Thunderbirds' first flight since Air Combat Command cut flight hours last spring and canceled Thunderbirds shows as part of across-the-board federal budget cuts. So-called sequestration forced the Air Force to scale back. Eliminating the Thunderbirds' more than $20 million flight budget was one way to save money.
Jones thinks about the last show the Thunderbirds performed in mid-March in Titusville, Fla. Storm clouds were rolling in and a tornado hit a nearby city, but a crowd still turned out to see the Air Force's premier air demonstration squadron. As soon as the show ended, the storm arrived and drenched the fans.
"It didn't matter if it was going to hail on them, they were going to be out there to support us," Jones told the Las Vegas Sun (http://bit.ly/1c9sGOB).

The real thing over Utah - Fra Wikipedia

The team recently received 140 flight hours, enough for two flights each week, for each pilot to maintain proficiency. It's not enough to return to flying shows. In the meantime, there is ground work to be done before Oct. 1, the date a new federal budget year begins and the fate of the Thunderbirds is determined.
Life on the ground has been different, but no less busy for the pilots since their flight hours were taken away.
Rather than flying to a new city to perform a show every week, they start their week in a simulator. If other squadrons are using the simulators, they'll do mock drills, going through on-ground checklists but stopping short of takeoff. The program helps to keep formations and communication skills sharp, but falls short of replicating the real thing, Jones said. After all, a simulator is only a video game.
After simulation, pilots and the crew spend the afternoon visiting schools, ROTC programs and hospitals throughout the Las Vegas Valley.
Moseley said the goal has been to expand the Thunderbirds' outreach within the valley, something they've never previously been able to do. He estimates "America's Ambassadors in Blue" have visited or hosted more than 30 local schools so far this year. They've also increased activity on social media, interacting with fans on Reddit, Facebook and Twitter to maintain a national presence.
"That show that we do is a great conduit into the communities that we serve," Thunderbird No. 3 pilot Maj. Caroline Jensen says. "But the air show is about 5 percent of what we do, and 95 percent of it is community relations, and we've been able to do that."
Then the rest of the day is spent editing and updating 300-page operations manuals. It's a tedious task but one that will make the transition smoother for new members in the future, Moseley said.
On Tuesdays and Thursdays, the crew focuses on academics. Some members study parts of the aircraft. Others take the time to earn a degree.
Enlisted officers use the opportunity to take Air Force classes to move up through the ranks. Moseley also has the squadron spending more time around the base.
"You'd think a squadron that does nothing but fly demos wouldn't be busy," Moseley says. "But we're probably as busy as we ever have been."
Many of the tasks are done with Oct. 1 looming in the distance with a glimmer of hope. These jobs are designed to make sure the Thunderbirds are ready to fly if they're given the order.
It's not the flying many of the pilots miss _ it's the people. Every weekend, Jones wonders if they'd be visiting a school or fulfilling a dream for a Make-a-Wish kid. He thinks about the opinions and questions people in the crowd might ask him in various cities, and whose life the Thunderbirds might impact.
But he doesn't dwell on it long. There's too much work to be done, he says.
It's now 9:40 a.m., and the crew has removed the wheel block and remaining cables from the Thunderbirds. The moment of flight nears.
Right after Thunderbird No. 8 is moved from its parking space in the hangar, assistant crew chief Tech Sgt. Ryan Schenkel runs a floor cleaner over its spot on the polished white floor.
The additional flight hours are important for the pilots. Their skills get rusty if they don't fly every day. Jones compares it with a basketball player not practicing his jump shot. Reaction times slow, which can be deadly when two jet aircraft are 18 inches apart.
"It's a step in the right direction," Moseley says. "Air Force leaders have been forced to make a lot of difficult decisions . these hours between now and September will help us a lot."
Now the maintenance crew members look toward the runway, waiting for the jets to take off.
About 20 minutes later, two Thunderbirds tear through the sky and fade into the distance. The crew cheers the successful takeoff and then disperses.
For at least a little while, everything returns to normal on the base. The jets are where they belong.
"All we can do is hope that next year we hit the road, have a full schedule and it's going to be better than ever because we've been away," Jones says. "And the anticipation of us being back is going to be outstanding."

NH90 - Oppdatering Belgia

Thursday, August 1, 2013

NH90 Joins Belgium Armed Forces Fleet

Eurocopter has handed over the initial NH90 in the NATO Frigate Helicopter (NFH) configuration to the Belgium Armed Forces. The helicopter is also the first to come from the manufacturer’s industrial complex in Donauworth, Germany. Belgium is the fifth country to employ the NFH version, along with France, Italy, the Netherlands and Norway.

Belgium NH90 NFH. Photo by Charles Abarr/courtesy of Eurocopter

The helicopter is rated at full operational capability (FOC), meaning it is equipped for the full spectrum of naval missions including search and rescue (SAR) and maritime military operations. Belgian NH90 training is slated to begin in September for pilots and maintenance personnel. Operations are set to launch in 2014 using two NH90s. The full contract with Eurocopter calls for eight NH90s – four of which in the NFH configuration – to replace the Navy’s fleet of Sikorsky Sea Kings.

Megaordre på Beech King Air

Thursday, August 1, 2013

Beechcraft Wins $1.4 Billion King Air Order

By Woodrow Bellamy III
Wichita Kan.-based airframe manufacturer Beechcraft Corp. on Thursday announced it has received a $1.4 billion order for 105 King Air 350i aircraft, a deal confirmed by an industry source to be the largest propeller aircraft order by value in general aviation (GA) history.
(King Air 350i. Photo, courtesy of Beechcraft.)

The order comes from Wheels Up, a new private aviation membership company established by MarquisJet founder Kenny Dichter. According to Beechcraft, the aircraft order itself is valued at $788 million, and Wheels Up has also named it as the maintenance provider for its divisions in North America and Western Europe, pushing the value to $1.4 billion.

Wheels Up will receive a variant of the King Air 350i equipped with upgraded interiors and Wi-Fi connectivity. Beechcraft's Wilmington, Del.-based hub will provide maintenance for the airframes, avionics and propellers.
(King Air 350i avionics. Photo, courtesy of Beechcraft.)

Beechcraft Corp., formerly known as Hawker Beechcraft, emerged from bankruptcy protection in February and recently announced a profitable first six months of the year, delivering 115 airplanes compared to 69 during the same period in 2012

LNG eller Avgas - Oshkosh nyhet

American Firm Debuts First Airplane to Run on Natural Gas


OSHKOSH, Wisconsin - Aviat Aircraft has introduced the first airplane able to run on both standard aviation fuel and compressed natural gas. The airplane is the first to fly on CNG, opening the door to use a cheaper and cleaner alternative to gasoline.

Alternative fuels have been a pressing issue in general aviation, with many small airplanes still burning low-lead fuel, something the car industry phased out decades ago. But aside from the environmental benefits, the reduced cost of CNG can also help make flying small aircraft less expensive, and the test airplane that debuted in Oshkosh is the first step in realizing its potential.

"One aspect we're particularly excited about is the opportunity to dramatically reduce the cost of learning to fly," said Greg Herrick, an aircraft owner who spearheaded the idea to convert an airplane to operate on CNG. "If a flight school installs a simple CNG refueling station they can cut the cost for the student's fuel, perhaps by thousands of dollars." That's not an insignificant sum when you consider the cost of getting a pilot's license can run near five figures.

Herrick owns an Aviat Husky, a popular small aircraft aimed at pilots who like to fly in and out of grass runways and other atypical airports. While the cost savings is an added benefit, CNG will dramatically reduce the pollutants emitted by smaller airplanes that are now burning the typical aviation gasoline known as 100 low lead.

Aviat converted one of its Husky airplanes to fly on both 100LL and CNG, and they flew it to Oshkosh from the factory in Afton, Wyoming. The airplane is equipped with both tanks and can run on either fuel at the flip of a switch. The company says other than the CNG fuel tank mounted to the belly and associated controls, the only changes made to the airplane were using a slightly higher-compression engine. Additionally, Aviat says the performance was better with the CNG fuel and the engine even ran cooler. With an economy cruise setting, the Aviat estimates their plane can fly for about seven hours on CNG.

Because the demonstration model can burn both types of fuel, the company says there are no limitations to where it can fly. But like all switches to an alternative fuel source, it's all about infrastructure. Before the widespread adoption of CNG in aviation, refilling stations would need to be installed at airports. The most likely starting point would be flight schools where the cost savings would be significant, and with many local airports hosting training programs, it wouldn't take long for smaller airports to start having CNG on tap

Vinteroperasjoner - De kommer om vi vil eller ikke


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AeroSafety World May 2013

COVER STORY

Your Slip Is Showing

FOQA data can detect airports where runways are likely
to be slippery and help pilots compensate.

Pilot statements such as “it was as slippery as grease” and “
I thought I wouldn’t be able to stop in time” would normally
be associated with stopping on winter-contaminated runways.
These are, rather, pilot responses upon landing in rain and
on a wet runway. They form part of the pilot feedback in a
test program related to aircraft braking action. In fact, the
test program revealed that some wet runways have equal
or worse braking action than snow- or ice-covered runways.

The Program
The braking action test program came about in 2010 at
legacy Continental Airlines, which has been merged with
United Airlines, and was based on using the aircraft itself
and flight data to better assess braking action. In
cooperation with Kongsberg Aeronautical, which possessed
an algorithm developed for the purpose that it could easily
be adapted and downloaded into the aircraft, the airline’s
flight operational quality assurance (FOQA) group saw this
as an exciting safety project and subsequently initiated the
test program. Due to the inherent sensitivity of FOQA data
and its use, representatives of pilots as well as operational
management were summoned to take part in decisions and
approve the framework for the test program.

Sensitive Issues
When it came to sensitivity in the use of flight data, one
factor proved essential and favorable. The algorithm and the
subsequent program loaded onto the aircraft fleet did not
require flight data downloading from the aircraft or any other
distribution of flight data. The program was designed to
obtain braking action information purely through onboard
calculation processes. Only the resulting braking action
information was transmitted by a downlink.
The braking action information generated by the system
on the aircraft was not influenced by the pilot. The
information did not reflect on the skill and airmanship of
the pilot.
According to established practices, the FOQA group did not
have direct contact or communication with pilots. All crew
contact was through the Air Line Pilots Association,

International (ALPA) as a gatekeeper.
With a clear understanding of the framework for the test
program, the next step was to set up a system to assess,
receive and evaluate feedback from pilots.
Management of Test Data and Pilot Feedback
Braking action data were processed, handled and
communicated for feedback from pilots (Figure 1, p. 14).
The following steps and phases further detail the procedure:
  • The FOQA group checked daily incoming data from 
  • flights and looked for landings that qualified as being 
  • within the determined runway slipperiness threshold.
  • Landings found to be within the runway slipperiness 
  • threshold were then tested against the weather 
  • conditions prevailing at the time of landing. By using 
  • METARs (the international standard code format for 
  • hourly surface weather observations) for the airport, 
  • the FOQA group could easily assess whether the 
  • landing information likely represented a slippery runway 
  • landing.
  • To ensure the anonymity of the crew and avoid potential 
  • traceability, only a de-identified METAR eliminating the 
  • date was used to match the flight.
  • In the next phase, the FOQA group approached the 
  • ALPA gatekeeper with the landing details. He 
  • contacted the crew to receive their feedback.
  • The ALPA gatekeeper relayed the feedback and 
  • comments to the FOQA group.
The system comprising detection, verification and the final
validation by the pilot worked well, and the pilot statements
referred to earlier represent some of the feedback results.
‘Friction-Limited’ Braking Action
Setup of the on-board algorithm and program is, in broad
terms, targeted to detect when aircraft encounter “friction-
limited” braking situations. Detecting when an aircraft
encounters friction-limited braking is a key constituent in
determining maximum braking capability for an aircraft. The
test program defined braking action as “dry,” “good,”
“medium” (fair) or “poor” and assigned numerical
equivalents of the airplane braking coefficient.
For practical purposes throughout the test program and
in pilot contact, the feedback process was focused solely
on landing situations in which braking action was classified
as being less than “good.” This was to avoid adding to
pilots’ workload for routine landings, when the test was
designed to focus on difficult occasions.

A Pilot’s Dilemma
Although it is common knowledge that wet runways may be
slippery, the issue of slippery runways traditionally has
been associated with winter operations and winter
contaminants. However, recently the wet runway issue has
received increased attention, and for good reason. Early in
this test, program data showed that airports where runways
were neither grooved nor crowned for water drainage had
increasingly higher risk of being slippery when wet. Various
types of deposits on the runways compounded the problem.
Ideally, airport management should ascertain proper runway
design and maintenance programs to ensure proper friction.
In reality, this is not always the case, and the test program
revealed substantial variations. A pilot’s job is to make the
right decisions and land the aircraft safely given the
prevailing conditions. Therefore knowledge of, and access
to, crucial information is of utmost importance for the pilot.

Test Program Findings
One unexpected outcome of the test program was the finding
that a few airports recurrently presented slippery conditions.
The METAR analysis confirmed conditions to be rain and/or
wet runways. Pilot feedback also supported the finding that
conditions were slippery. Some of the pilot statements
quoted earlier originate from these airports, primarily located
in Central America, where the runways are typically neither
grooved nor crowned. A history of overrun accidents further
added to a perception of these airports being at higher risk.
To conduct further in-depth analysis, the FOQA group plotted,
using a global positioning system tool, the number of slippery
landings on maps of the runways to enhance situational
awareness of the problem. The photograph (p. 15) shows
an example of one of the airports where aircraft encounter
friction-limited situations. For practical purposes, the
illustration only shows encounters at groundspeeds less than
70 kt. This also is the phase of the stopping run when engine
reverse thrust and aerodynamic drag have less impact on the
deceleration and leave most of the stopping to the wheel
brakes. The photograph shows consistency and further
supports the findings.

FOQA Alert
In response to a slippery landing that needed pilot feedback,
the ALPA gatekeeper asked the crew for recommendations in
addition to their feedback.
A frequent issue was the emphasis on idle reversers. Although
never compromising safety, the company recommended, to an
extent, idle reverser usage for fuel savings years ago when
fuel prices were on the rise. It seemed that too many pilots
relied on brakes when reverser usage was more appropriate,
especially at the beginning of the landing roll.1 What surfaced
with this test program was potential increased risk with such
a policy at certain airports when conditions involved rain and/or
wet runways.
Finding that a significant number of pilots addressed the
problem and approached it from virtually the same viewpoint,
it became apparent that issue had to be pursued. In one of
the company’s monthly safety meetings, it was decided to
bring up the issue. The safety meeting normally involves
participants from ALPA, fleet managers, the safety group,
etc. At the meeting, the ALPA gatekeeper presented the
case supported by the pilot recommendations, the data and
in-depth analysis from the FOQA group. This became then
an action item.
In considering the action item, the options were to issue a
pilot bulletin or insert a 10-7/ FOQA alert — a notification
that describes a problem and recommends a response —
into the pilots’ approach plate for an airport. Due to the
seriousness of the issue, the pilot bulletin was considered
less appropriate because it would likely be forgotten within
six months. The 10-7, on the other hand, represented
information in a more permanent form and was used for
some of the airports revealed to be at higher risk in the
test program.

The 10-7/FOQA Alert Era
The braking action test program continues at an
increasing scale and according to its original intent. A
little more than two years after the 10-7 implementation,
there has been a substantial reduction in pilot statements
such as “slipperier than grease” for those airports that
were subject to the 10-7.
To further look into the impact of the 10-7 and use of idle
reversers, the FOQA group has run an analysis. Where
METAR data indicated rain and/or wet runway conditions i
n landings, their reverser usage was analyzed before and
after the 10-7 implementation and showed significant
changes. Thrust reverser usage has been more selective.
Deployment of reversers upon landing is normal procedure,
but in line with policy, the use of reverse thrust by increasing
the engine revolution speed has varied. Prior to the 10-7 era,
it was normal to see engine speed about 40 percent, which
is virtually “idle,” even when conditions were rainy or wet.
After introduction of the 10-7, the standard engine speed
used in rainy or wet conditions was about 80 percent, which
is maximum use of reverser thrust.
This action item demonstrates encouraging results. First, it
serves as a useful tool for pilots operating in airports that
are less than ideal in design and maintenance. Second, in a
cost-conscious environment, it also shows that rather than
issuing generalized notifications and procedures, proper
use of technology and cooperation by pilots can enable a
clinical approach and more detailed procedures, better
balancing safety with economic considerations.

Safety Culture and Environment
Continental Airlines had a long history of using flight/FOQA
data to proactively enhance safety and efficiency, which
has continued after the merger with United. Although the
braking action test program and the initial 10-7 FOQA alert
may seem ordinary, the process epitomized what is
needed to build a platform of understanding, trust and
cooperation to create the right culture and environment for
working with sensitive information such as FOQA data.
For all parties in this test project, the focus has always
been on safety. Nevertheless, it has been important to
safeguard the corporate safety culture and environment
by having proper systems, routines and procedures.
When this test program surfaced, the operational
management took a keen interest, provided the “green
light,” and then supported the test program. This was
important and provided the proper framework for the
project’s more active participants.
ALPA and the FOQA groups have had a long relationship
and developed good rapport through many years of
cooperation. The intriguing part was to have a third
party working within the traditional format of the FOQA
group and ALPA. It has been a success.

The Future
Although there has been an increasing focus on rain and
wet runways, the braking action test program was not
specifically set up to find runways prone to higher risk
in rain. It was part of a general move to better and
more accurately assess the braking capability of aircraft,
in particular during challenging winter conditions.
The on-board system developed is now downloaded
onto all United’s Boeing 737NGs, representing a
significant network. Today, this aircraft network furnishes
braking action information daily, albeit not yet for
operational purposes but only for FOQA group analysis.
United’s pilots will continue to serve a pivotal role in the
system verification by providing valuable feedback. A
print function has been programmed on the flight deck
and activated for response, thereby simplifying
participation by pilots. The test program will continue to
 be focused on runway conditions where braking action
is assessed to be less than good by the numerical scale
of airplane braking coefficient.
In terms of the future viability of the system, the
algorithm and program have proved stable and reliable.
Currently the system is undergoing a validation in
cooperation with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration.
Access to and availability of FOQA data provide new
opportunities to improve safety and efficiency of airline
operations. By the same token, it is important that the
necessary framework be in place to pursue desired
results, such as those that have been evident in this
project.
Joe Vizzoni has been a part of this test program and all
the processes described from its start. He is a first officer
with United Airlines on the Boeing 757 and 767 and also
has experience as an aerospace engineer, of which nine
of 14 years were with Boeing.

Note
  1. Thrust reversers are most efficient at higher speed, so to reduce the 
  2. kinetic energy of a landing aircraft, it is best to apply them at once, thus 
  3. carrying forward less energy toward the end of the runway.

Selections From a 10-7 Issued for a Runway
  • The runway is not grooved and standing water is likely 
  • to be present when raining.
  • Braking action is likely to be fair–poor when the runway 
  • is wet.
  • Select and use the maximum autobrake setting.
  • Make every attempt to touch down at the 1,000-ft point.
  • Use maximum reverse thrust.